: Entered politics while a student and took part in various political struggles; was elected as Secretary, Mahathma Gandhi College Pre-University Association in 1960; started political career as A.I.Y.F. member; was District Secretary, A.I.Y.F., Thiruvananthapuram; State General Secretary, A.I.T.U.C.; All India Vice President, A.I.T.U.C; National Executive Member of C.P.I. and Parliamentary Party Leader of C.P.I.; Minister for Food & Civil Supplies and Animal Husbandry during 12th KLA.Now, Chairman and Managing Director of Prabhath Book House. Chairman,Committee on Public Undertakings in14th KLA.